Passive Voice in Every Tense: The Complete Transformation Guide
हर English tense में passive voice कैसे बनाते हैं — present, past, future, perfect और continuous — rules, examples और exam practice के साथ।
Active voice में subject action करता है। Passive voice में subject action receive करता है।
Active: They built the bridge in 1990.
Passive: The bridge was built in 1990.
Passive focus को doer से action या उसके receiver की तरफ shift करता है। यह academic writing, news reports और formal contexts में common है।
यह article आपको हर tense में passive बनाना और active sentences को passive में correctly transform करना सिखाता है।
Related reading के लिए Present Perfect vs Past Simple और Correct Tense in Error Spotting देखें।
Passive voice action के receiver को sentence का subject बनाता है। Verb be + past participle के form का use करता है। Doer (agent) को by के साथ mention किया जा सकता है या छोड़ा जा सकता है।
Rule block: Object को subject में transform करें। Tense को verb be में रखें। By + agent तभी use करें जब doer important हो।
| Active | Passive |
|---|---|
| Subject + verb + object | Object + be + past participle (+ by subject) |
Active: They make cars here.
Passive: Cars are made here.
Am/is/are + past participle use करें।
Active: They built the bridge.
Passive: The bridge was built.
Was/were + past participle use करें।
Active: They will announce the results.
Passive: The results will be announced.
Will be + past participle use करें।
Active: They are building a new school.
Passive: A new school is being built.
Am/is/are + being + past participle use करें।
Active: They were painting the house.
Passive: The house was being painted.
Was/were + being + past participle use करें।
Active: They have completed the task.
Passive: The task has been completed.
Has/have + been + past participle use करें।
Active: They had finished the work.
Passive: The work had been finished.
Had + been + past participle use करें।
Active: They will have completed the project.
Passive: The project will have been completed.
Will have + been + past participle use करें।
Active: You must complete this.
Passive: This must be completed.
Modal + be + past participle use करें।
Active: They should have informed us.
Passive: We should have been informed.
Modal + have been + past participle use करें।
| Tense | Active | Passive |
|---|---|---|
| Simple present | make / makes | am/is/are + made |
| Simple past | made | was/were + made |
| Simple future | will make | will be + made |
| Present continuous | am/is/are making | am/is/are + being + made |
| Past continuous | was/were making | was/were + being + made |
| Present perfect | has/have made | has/have + been + made |
| Past perfect | had made | had + been + made |
| Future perfect | will have made | will have + been + made |
| Modal | must/can/should make | must/can/should + be + made |
| Modal perfect | must have made | must + have been + made |
- Active sentence का object identify करें। यह passive subject बनता है।
- Active verb का tense identify करें। Same tense be के साथ use करें।
- Main verb का past participle use करें।
- By + agent add करें सिर्फ अगर doer important हो या unknown हो।
- New sentence check करें। क्या same tense और meaning रखता है?
They built the bridge.
- Object: the bridge → new subject.
- Tense: simple past → was/were.
- Past participle: built.
- Passive: The bridge was built (by them).
He has completed the task.
- Object: the task → new subject.
- Tense: present perfect → has/have been.
- Past participle: completed.
- Passive: The task has been completed (by him).
They will announce results.
- Object: results → new subject.
- Tense: simple future → will be.
- Past participle: announced.
- Passive: Results will be announced (by them).
- Cars are made in Japan. (simple present)
- The bridge was built in 1990. (simple past)
- The results will be announced tomorrow. (simple future)
- A new hospital is being constructed. (present continuous)
- The road was being repaired yesterday. (past continuous)
- The task has been completed. (present perfect)
- The work had been finished before I arrived. (past perfect)
- The project will have been completed by next year. (future perfect)
- This must be done immediately. (modal)
- We should have been informed earlier. (modal perfect)
Wrong: The work is doing.
Right: The work is being done.
Present continuous passive के लिए being + past participle चाहिए।
Wrong: The task has completed.
Right: The task has been completed.
Present perfect passive के लिए has/have + been + past participle चाहिए।
Wrong: The bridge was build.
Right: The bridge was built.
हमेशा past participle use करें, base form नहीं।
Wrong: The bed was slept by him.
Right: He slept in the bed.
Intransitive verbs (sleep, come, go, happen) passive नहीं बन सकते क्योंकि उनका object नहीं होता।
Wrong: The letter was written by someone.
Right: The letter was written.
अगर agent unknown या unimportant है, छोड़ दें।
| Wrong | Right | Why |
|---|---|---|
| The work is doing. | The work is being done. | Present continuous passive. |
| The task has completed. | The task has been completed. | Need been in perfect passive. |
| The bridge was build. | The bridge was built. | Past participle required. |
| The results will announced. | The results will be announced. | Need be in future passive. |
Passive voice में transform करें।
- They make these phones in China.
- She wrote the report yesterday.
- They are building a new bridge.
- He has finished the work.
- Error spotting: The work is doing by the team.
- Error spotting: The task has completed on time.
- Error spotting: The letter was wrote by him.
- Fill in the blank: The road ___ last year. (repair)
- Rewrite in passive: They will announce the results tomorrow.
- Choose: The project ___ by next month. (will complete / will have been completed)
- These phones are made in China.
- The report was written yesterday.
- A new bridge is being built.
- The work has been finished.
- The work is being done by the team.
- The task has been completed on time.
- The letter was written by him.
- was repaired — simple past passive.
- The results will be announced tomorrow.
- will have been completed — future perfect passive.
Rule: Passive = receiver as subject + be (right tense में) + past participle। By + agent तभी add करें जब ज़रूरत हो।
Memory trick: Active = किसने किया। Passive = क्या हुआ।
ये revise करें:
- Cars are made in Japan. (present)
- The bridge was built in 1990. (past)
- The task has been completed. (present perfect)
- The results will be announced. (future)