Phrasal Verbs and Their Grammar: Separable, Inseparable, and Tricky
Phrasal verbs को समझें — separable, inseparable, transitive और intransitive — pronoun placement के नियम, उदाहरण और परीक्षा अभ्यास।
Phrasal verbs English में हर जगह हैं:
Please turn off the lights.
She gave up smoking.
The plane took off on time.
He looks after his younger brother.
लेकिन इनका grammar tricky है। हम turn it off कहते हैं लेकिन turn off it क्यों नहीं? हम look after the child कह सकते हैं लेकिन look the child after क्यों नहीं? यह article नियम समझाता है।
Rule box: Phrasal verb verb + particle (adverb/preposition) का combination है। Transitive phrasal verbs object लेते हैं। Intransitive नहीं लेते। Separable phrasal verbs object को verb और particle के बीच रखने देते हैं। Inseparable नहीं देते। Pronouns के साथ, separable phrasal verbs पronoun को ज़रूर verb और particle के बीच रखते हैं।
Transitive phrasal verbs object लेते हैं:
Please turn off the lights.
She gave up smoking.
He picked up his bag.
Intransitive phrasal verbs object नहीं लेते:
The plane took off.
She showed up late.
He grew up in Delhi.
Separable phrasal verbs के साथ, object verb और particle के बीच या particle के बाद आ सकता है।
Please turn off the lights. = Please turn the lights off.
She picked up her bag. = She picked her bag up.
He turned down the offer. = He turned the offer down.
Pronoun rule: जब object pronoun है (it, them, him, her), तो यह ज़रूर verb और particle के बीच जाएगा।
✅ Please turn it off.
❌ Please turn off it.
✅ She picked it up.
❌ She picked up it.
Inseparable phrasal verbs के साथ, object हमेशा particle के बाद आता है — कभी बीच में नहीं।
She looks after her brother.
❌ She looks her brother after.
He ran into an old friend.
❌ He ran an old friend into.
यह rule pronouns पर भी लागू होता है:
✅ She looks after him.
❌ She looks him after.
कुछ phrasal verbs में तीन parts होते हैं: verb + adverb + preposition। ये हमेशा inseparable होते हैं।
She looks up to her teacher. (admire करना)
He gets along with everyone. (अच्छा रिश्ता होना)
We look forward to the holidays. (उत्सा से इंतज़ार करना)
She comes up with new ideas. (नए ideas सोचना)
✅ She looks up to her.
❌ She looks her up to.
Note: Look forward to के बाद noun या -ing form आती है, infinitive नहीं।
✅ I look forward to meeting you.
❌ I look forward to meet you.
Separable:
- turn off / turn the light off
- pick up / pick the book up
- turn down / turn the offer down
- put off / put the meeting off
- bring up / bring the topic up
- figure out / figure the answer out
- look up / look the word up
Inseparable:
- look after / look after the child
- run into / run into an old friend
- get over / get over an illness
- deal with / deal with a problem
- depend on / depend on someone
Intransitive:
- take off / The plane took off.
- show up / She showed up late.
- grow up / He grew up in Mumbai.
- break down / The car broke down.
- क्या phrasal verb object लेता है? → हाँ: transitive। नहीं: intransitive।
- क्या यह separable है या inseparable? → List देखें या test करें: क्या object बीच में आ सकता है?
- क्या object pronoun है? → अगर separable, तो pronoun ज़रूर verb और particle के बीच।
- क्या यह three-part phrasal verb है? → हमेशा inseparable। Object अंत में।
- क्या particle preposition है? → आमतौर पर inseparable। Object preposition के बाद।
- Please turn off the lights. = Please turn the lights off.
- Please turn it off. (pronoun — बीच में ज़रूर)
- She looks after her brother. (inseparable)
- The plane took off. (intransitive)
- He turned down the offer. = He turned the offer down.
- She ran into an old friend. (inseparable)
- I look forward to meeting you. (three-part, inseparable, + -ing)
- He gave up smoking. (transitive, gerund object)
- She picked up the book. = She picked the book up.
- The car broke down. (intransitive)
❌ Turn off it.
✅ Turn it off.
Separable phrasal verbs के साथ, pronouns verb और particle के बीच जाते हैं।
❌ Look him after.
✅ Look after him.
Inseparable phrasal verbs pronoun को particle के बाद रखते हैं।
❌ I look forward to meet you.
✅ I look forward to meeting you.
Look forward to के बाद noun या -ing form, infinitive नहीं।
✅ He gave up smoking.
✅ He gave smoking up. (noun object के साथ separable)
Ggive up separable है, लेकिन जब object gerund हो, तो यह आमतौर पर particle के बाद रहता है।
Look into = investigate करना
Look after = देखभाल करना
Look up to = admire करना
Look down on = तुच्छ समझना
Look forward to = उत्सा से इंतज़ार करना
| ग़लत | सही | क्यों |
|---|---|---|
| Turn off it. | Turn it off. | Pronoun बीच में ज़रूर। |
| Look the child after. | Look after the child. | Inseparable phrasal verb। |
| I look forward to meet you. | I look forward to meeting you. | To + -ing, infinitive नहीं। |
| He ran an old friend into. | He ran into an old friend. | Inseparable। |
सही option चुनिए या error ढूढ़िए।
- Please turn ___ . (off it / it off)
- She looks ___ her mother. (after / — )
- The plane ___ on time. (took off / took off it)
- Error spotting: Turn off it.
- Error spotting: Look the child after.
- Error spotting: I look forward to meet you.
- Fill in the blank: He ___ the offer. (turned down it / turned it down)
- Fill in the blank: She ___ an old friend. (ran into / ran her into)
- Rewrite correctly: Pick up it.
- Choose: He ___ smoking. (gave up / gave it up)
- it off — pronoun verb और particle के बीच।
- after — inseparable, object particle के बाद।
- took off — intransitive, कोई object नहीं।
- Turn it off. — pronoun बीच में।
- Look after the child. — inseparable।
- I look forward to meeting you. — to + -ing।
- turned it down — pronoun बीच में।
- ran into — inseparable।
- Pick it up. — pronoun बीच में।
- gave up — give up smoking (gerund object)।
Rule: Separable phrasal verbs object को verb और particle के बीच रखने देते हैं। Pronouns ज़रूर बीच में जाते हैं। Inseparable phrasal verbs object को particle के बाद रखते हैं। Three-part phrasal verbs हमेशा inseparable होते हैं।
Memory trick: “Pronouns separable को तोड़ते हैं। Inseparable साथ रहते हैं। तीन parts कभी नहीं टूटते।”
ये revise करें:
- Please turn it off. (separable, pronoun बीच में)
- She looks after him. (inseparable)
- The plane took off. (intransitive)
- I look forward to meeting you. (three-part, + -ing)
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