Cleft Sentences: "It Was..." and "What I Need..." Explained
English में cleft sentences सीखें — it-clefts और wh-clefts — sentence के specific parts को emphasize करने के लिए, rules, examples और practice के साथ।
एक cleft sentence एक idea को दो parts में split करता है ताकि एक element पर emphasis हो।
I met Rahul yesterday. → It was Rahul that I met yesterday.
I need more time. → What I need is more time.
Information वही है। Focus shift होता है। यह article दो main types cover करता है: it-clefts और wh-clefts।
Rule box: Emphasis के लिए clefts use करें। It + be + focus + that/who clause. Wh-clause + be + focus.
| Type | Structure | Example |
|---|---|---|
| It-cleft | It + be + focus + that/who + clause | It was Rahul that I met. |
| Wh-cleft | What + subject + verb + be + focus | What I need is more time. |
I met Rahul yesterday. → It was Rahul that I met yesterday.
She needs help. → It is help that she needs.
Rahul helped me. → It was Rahul who helped me.
The noise woke me up. → It was the noise that woke me up.
I met him yesterday. → It was yesterday that I met him.
Formal it-clefts में time के लिए that use करें (when नहीं)।
I need more time. → What I need is more time.
She wants honesty. → What she wants is honesty.
He did leave early. → What he did was leave early.
Wh-clefts में be के बाद bare infinitive आता है (to + verb नहीं)।
I want to leave. → All I want is to leave.
- क्या emphasize करना है? Subject, object, time, या action?
- Subject/object/time focus के लिए: It-cleft: It + be + focus + that/who + clause।
- Action या general focus के लिए: Wh-cleft: What + subject + verb + be + focus।
- People के लिए who, things और time के लिए that use करें।
- Wh-clefts में be के बाद bare infinitive use करें।
It was yesterday when I met Rahul.
Formal it-cleft में that use करें।
It was yesterday that I met Rahul.
What he did was he left early.
Wh-cleft में bare infinitive।
What he did was leave early.
- It was Rahul that I met yesterday.
- It is honesty that matters most.
- It was the noise that woke me.
- What I need is more time.
- What she wants is a new phone.
- What he did was leave early.
- It was yesterday that I realised the truth.
- It is practice that makes perfect.
- What they need is better communication.
- All I want is to help.
Wrong: It was yesterday when I met him.
Right: It was yesterday that I met him.
Formal it-clefts में that use करें।
Wrong: What he did was to leave early.
Right: What he did was leave early.
Wh-clefts में bare infinitive use करें।
Wrong: It was Rahul that helped me. (acceptable but less precise)
Right: It was Rahul who helped me.
Formal writing में people के लिए who use करें।
Clefts emphasis के लिए हैं। Default sentence structure के रूप में use न करें।
| Wrong | Right | Why |
|---|---|---|
| It was yesterday when I met him. | It was yesterday that I met him. | Use that in it-clefts. |
| What he did was to leave early. | What he did was leave early. | Bare infinitive in wh-clefts. |
Cleft sentences में rewrite करें।
- I need rest. (wh-cleft)
- Rahul broke the window. (it-cleft, Rahul emphasize)
- She realised the truth last night. (it-cleft, time emphasize)
- Error spotting: It was last week when I visited them.
- Error spotting: What she did was to apologise.
- Fill in the blank: It was the teacher ___ explained this. (who/that)
- Rewrite: I want peace. (wh-cleft)
- Choose: What he needs ___ more practice. (is / are)
- What I need is rest.
- It was Rahul who broke the window.
- It was last night that she realised the truth.
- It was last week that I visited them.
- What she did was apologise.
- who — people के लिए।
- What I want is peace.
- is — singular.
Rule: It-cleft = It + be + focus + that/who + clause. Wh-cleft = What + clause + be + focus (bare infinitive).
Memory trick: It-cleft star की ओर इशारा करता है। Wh-cleft point को wrap करता है।
ये revise करें:
- It was Rahul that I met.
- What I need is more time.
- It was yesterday that I realised.
- What he did was leave early.