"Each" vs "Every": The Singular Rule Students Miss
Each और every का अंतर singular agreement, individual vs group meaning, common mistakes, exam traps और practice questions के साथ समझें।
Learners अक्सर meaning में “many students” देखते हैं और plural verb चुन लेते हैं:
गलत: Each students are ready.
सही: Each student is ready.
Sentence कई students के बारे में है, लेकिन each उन्हें one by one देखता है। इसलिए noun और verb singular होते हैं। Every भी similar way में काम करता है:
Every student is ready.
“Each” और “every” का difference mainly focus का है। Each individual members पर focus करता है। Every पूरे group पर focus करता है। लेकिन दोनों normally singular noun और singular verb लेते हैं।
- Each = हर member को अलग-अलग consider करना, one by one.
- Every = group के सभी members को together consider करना.
- दोनों usually singular countable noun और singular verb लेते हैं।
Rule box: Each/every + singular noun + singular verb use करें।
Compare करें:
Each student is responsible for one chapter.
Every student is expected to attend.
पहले sentence में individual responsibility पर focus है। दूसरे में whole group requirement पर focus है।
| Pattern | Example |
|---|---|
| each/every + singular noun + singular verb | Each book has a code. / Every room has a fan. |
| each of + plural pronoun/noun + singular verb | Each of them is ready. |
| every one of + plural pronoun/noun + singular verb | Every one of the players is fit. |
| pronoun/noun + each | The students each received a certificate. |
| every + number/time expression | The bus comes every ten minutes. |
“Each” अकेला भी use हो सकता है और “of” के साथ भी:
Each has a different role.
Each of the boys has a different role.
“Every” usually same way में alone use नहीं होता। Need हो तो everyone, everybody, या every one use करें।
गलत:
Every of them came.
सही: Every one of them came.
सही: Everyone came.
यह method use करें:
- Word directly countable noun से पहले है? Singular noun use करें: each student, every book.
- यह sentence का subject है? Singular verb use करें: is, has, does.
- “Of” चाहिए? Each of use करें, “every of” नहीं।
- Individual members पर focus है? Each prefer करें।
- Whole group या regular repeated pattern पर focus है? Every prefer करें।
___ student has a different roll number.
Focus individual है। Correct: Each student has a different roll number.
___ student must submit the form by Monday.
यह whole group के लिए rule है। Correct: Every student must submit the form by Monday.
___ of the answers is correct.
“Of” के साथ each use करें। Correct: Each of the answers is correct.
-
Each student is ready.
Individual focus; one student at a time. -
Every student is ready.
Whole group focus; कोई भी बाहर नहीं। -
Each of the rooms has a window.
”Each of” + plural noun/pronoun, लेकिन singular verb. -
Every one of them came on time.
”Every of them” नहीं। -
The teacher gave each student a book.
One book to one student individually. -
The teacher checked every answer carefully.
सभी answers check हुए। -
The buses leave every hour.
Repeated time pattern. -
The twins each have a bicycle.
”Each” plural subject के बाद है, इसलिए verb subject “twins” से agree करता है। -
Every child deserves respect.
Singular noun और singular verb. -
Each side of the argument has a point.
Sides को separately consider किया गया है।
सबसे ज्यादा test होने वाला rule agreement है:
Each/every + singular noun + singular verb
| गलत | सही |
|---|---|
| Each students are ready. | Each student is ready. |
| Every rooms have a fan. | Every room has a fan. |
| Each of the boys are here. | Each of the boys is here. |
| Every one of the answers are correct. | Every one of the answers is correct. |
Meaning में plural idea verb control नहीं करता। Grammatical subject singular है।
जब separate members पर attention देना हो, each use करें।
Each candidate will receive a separate email.
Each painting has its own style.
Meaning “one by one” के close है।
जब all members without exception कहना हो, every use करें।
Every citizen has the right to vote.
Every seat was full.
Meaning “all” के close है।
Repeated time या distance के लिए every normal है।
every day
every week
every five kilometres
“Each day” possible है जब separate days emphasize करने हों, लेकिन routine के लिए “every day” ordinary expression है।
“Every of them” न लिखें।
गलत: Every of them came.
सही: Every one of them came.
सही: Each of them came.
गलत: Each students must answer.
सही: Each student must answer.
गलत: Every books has an index.
सही: Every book has an index.
जब “each” plural subject के बाद आता है, verb real subject से agree करता है।
The students each have an ID card.
यहाँ subject “students” है, इसलिए “have” correct है। लेकिन अगर “each” subject है, singular use करें:
Each has an ID card.
Traditional formal grammar often singular pronouns prefer करती है:
Each student must bring his or her notebook.
Modern English में singular “they” भी common है:
Each student must bring their notebook.
Exams में test की expected style follow करें। General writing में singular “they” widely accepted है।
| गलत | सही | क्यों |
|---|---|---|
| Each students are ready. | Each student is ready. | Each + singular noun + singular verb. |
| Every of them came. | Every one of them came. | Every of नहीं, every one of. |
| Each and every are followed by plural nouns. | Each and every are followed by singular nouns. | इनके बाद noun normally singular होता है। |
| The teacher gave every a book. | The teacher gave each student a book. | Every को noun या every one/everyone चाहिए। |
| Every rooms have fans. | Every room has a fan. | Singular noun और verb. |
| Each of the answers are correct. | Each of the answers is correct. | Each of + plural object, but singular verb. |
Correct option चुनें।
-
___ student has a notebook.
a) Each b) Each of -
Every one of the players ___ ready.
a) is b) are -
The teacher spoke to ___ child separately.
a) each b) every of -
The train comes ___ fifteen minutes.
a) each b) every
Error find और correct करें।
-
Each of the girls are wearing a badge.
-
Every of the rooms has a window.
-
Each students must submit the assignment.
Rewrite या fill in the blank.
-
Fill in: ___ of them knows the answer.
-
Correct rewrite करें: The teacher gave every a worksheet.
-
Fill in: The shops open ___ day at 9 a.m.
- Each — singular noun से पहले।
- is — every one singular है।
- each — individual attention.
- every — repeated time pattern.
- Each of the girls is wearing a badge.
- Every one of the rooms has a window. / Each of the rooms has a window.
- Each student must submit the assignment.
- Each — each of them knows.
- The teacher gave each student a worksheet.
- every — routine frequency.
Final rule: Each members को one by one देखता है। Every पूरे group को देखता है। दोनों normally singular noun और singular verb लेते हैं।
Memory trick: Each = individual, Every = all; लेकिन दोनों grammar में singular behave करते हैं।
ये examples revise करें:
Each student is ready.
Every student is ready.
Each of them has a role.
Every one of them came.