How to Identify the Main Verb in a Long Sentence
लंबे sentence में main verb identify करना सीखें: clear rules, examples, common mistakes और error spotting practice के साथ.
Long sentence में कई words verb जैसे दिख सकते हैं। कुछ -ing पर end होते हैं, कुछ past participles होते हैं, कुछ relative clause में आते हैं, और कुछ phrase का part होते हैं। Main question यह है: sentence का main statement कौन-सा verb control कर रहा है?
Wrong: The boy sitting near the window are my cousin.
Right: The boy sitting near the window is my cousin.
Sitting verb जैसा दिखता है, लेकिन यह sentence का main verb नहीं है। यह सिर्फ the boy को describe कर रहा है। Main statement है: The boy is my cousin. इसलिए main verb boy से agree करेगा, window से नहीं।
यह skill error spotting, fill-in-the-blanks, sentence correction और writing में बहुत useful है। अगर main verb identify नहीं होगा, तो subject-verb agreement guesswork बन जाएगा।
Related agreement rules के लिए Subject-Verb Agreement with One Of और Subject-Verb Agreement with As Well As revise करें।
Main verb वह verb है जो clause की main action, state या condition बताता है। Simple clause में यह subject से directly connected finite verb होता है।
Rule box: Main verb identify करने के लिए पहले subject find करें, फिर वह finite verb find करें जो subject से agree करता है। पहले -ing phrases, to + verb phrases, और past participle phrases को ignore करें, जब तक main clause clear न हो जाए।
Sentence में कई verb-like words हो सकते हैं, लेकिन सभी main verbs नहीं होते।
| Verb-like form | Example | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Finite verb | She writes well. | Clause का main verb |
| Auxiliary + main verb | She has written the answer. | Main clause की verb phrase |
| -ing form | The girl standing there is my sister. | Modifier, main verb नहीं |
| To-infinitive | To win requires discipline. | Non-finite subject phrase |
| Past participle | The book written by him is popular. | Modifier, main verb नहीं |
Main verb single word हो सकता है (is, runs, requires) या पूरा verb phrase हो सकता है (has finished, will be selected, was being discussed). Grammar questions में complete finite verb phrase को main verb मानें।
Long subjects में real verb आने से पहले extra information हो सकती है।
The list of items on the table is missing.
Subject the list है, items या table नहीं। Phrase of items on the table सिर्फ list को describe करता है।
| Long subject | Head noun | Correct main verb |
|---|---|---|
| The list of items | list | is |
| The quality of the products | quality | is |
| The students in the first row | students | are |
| The sound of the machines | sound | is |
-ing phrase noun को describe कर सकता है, लेकिन usually finite verb नहीं होता।
The boy sitting near the window is my cousin.
Modifier हटाकर देखें:
The boy is my cousin.
Exam sentences में यह test बहुत काम आता है।
To + verb phrase sentence का subject बन सकता है। ऐसा होने पर main verb usually singular होता है।
To complete the work quickly requires effort.
Subject पूरा idea है: to complete the work quickly. यह एक action या idea माना जाता है, इसलिए requires correct है।
Noun clause भी subject की तरह काम कर सकता है।
What he said was true.
Subject clause के अंदर said finite verb है, लेकिन full sentence का main verb was है। Sentence का meaning है: His statement was true.
एक sentence में more than one clause हो सकते हैं, इसलिए more than one finite verb भी हो सकते हैं।
The teacher explained the rule, and the students understood it.
यहाँ explained और understood अपने-अपने clauses के main verbs हैं। Key यह नहीं है कि हर sentence में सिर्फ एक verb होगा; key यह है कि हर clause का main verb identify करें।
जब sentence crowded लगे, यह method use करें:
- Complete sentence पढ़ें। सिर्फ एक phrase देखकर answer न चुनें।
- Main subject find करें। पूछें: sentence किसके बारे में है?
- Interrupting phrases हटाएँ। Prepositional phrases, relative clauses और modifiers को थोड़ी देर ignore करें।
- Non-finite verb forms ignore करें। -ing, to + verb, और participles से सावधान रहें।
- Subject से agree करने वाला finite verb find करें। Usually यही clause का main verb होता है।
- Meaning के लिए दोबारा पढ़ें। Final sentence grammatical और logical होना चाहिए।
The boy sitting near the window are my cousin.
Subject: The boy.
Modifier: sitting near the window.
Main verb needed: singular is.
The boy sitting near the window is my cousin.
To complete the work quickly require effort.
Subject: To complete the work quickly. यह one idea है।
Main verb needed: singular requires.
To complete the work quickly requires effort.
What he said were true.
Subject: What he said. पूरा clause the thing he said जैसा काम कर रहा है।
Main verb needed: singular was.
What he said was true.
- The boy near the gate is my brother.
- The boys near the gate are my classmates.
- The book lying on the desk belongs to Riya.
- The books lying on the desk belong to Riya.
- To finish the project on time requires planning.
- The list of items is missing.
- The items on the list are missing.
- What he said was true.
- The people who live next door are friendly.
- The report prepared by the committee has been approved.
ध्यान दें: nearest noun हमेशा subject नहीं होता। The list of items is missing में items plural है, लेकिन subject का head नहीं है। Head noun list है।
The list of documents ___ incomplete.
Correct: The list of documents is incomplete.
Students often are चुनते हैं क्योंकि documents blank के पास है। लेकिन main subject list है।
The student preparing for the debate ___ nervous.
Correct: The student preparing for the debate is nervous.
Preparing student को describe करता है। यह main finite verb नहीं है।
What the witness said during the hearing ___ important.
Correct: What the witness said during the hearing was important.
Subject एक clause है। Larger sentence का main verb उस clause के बाद आता है।
Verb phrase में auxiliary verbs main verb की help करते हैं।
The decision has been announced.
यहाँ main verb phrase has been announced है। इसे carelessly अलग न करें। Passive voice और perfect tenses में main verb phrase कई words की हो सकती है।
Compound और complex sentences में more than one clause हो सकते हैं।
She called me because she needed help.
Called main clause का main verb है। Needed because-clause का main verb है।
| Wrong | Right | Why |
|---|---|---|
| The boy sitting near the window are my cousin. | The boy sitting near the window is my cousin. | Subject boy है। |
| To complete the work quickly require effort. | To complete the work quickly requires effort. | Infinitive subject singular idea है। |
| The list of items are missing. | The list of items is missing. | Subject list है। |
| What he said were true. | What he said was true. | Noun clause singular idea की तरह काम करता है। |
| The report written by the officers were accepted. | The report written by the officers was accepted. | Subject report है। |
Correct option चुनें या error correct करें।
- The sound of the bells ___ pleasant.
a) is b) are - The girls standing near the bus ___ from our school.
a) is b) are - To learn grammar properly ___ patience.
a) require b) requires - What she explained ___ useful.
a) was b) were - Error spotting: The quality of these mangoes are excellent.
- Error spotting: The child playing with the dogs are my nephew.
- Error spotting: To answer all questions correctly need practice.
- Fill in the blank: The file kept on the upper shelves ___ important documents.
- Rewrite correctly: What they decided were surprising.
- Identify the main verb phrase: The results have been declared.
- is — subject sound है।
- are — subject girls है।
- requires — infinitive phrase one idea है।
- was — what she explained one subject की तरह काम करता है।
- is excellent — subject quality है।
- is my nephew — subject child है।
- requires/needs practice — infinitive subject singular है।
- contains — subject file है।
- What they decided was surprising.
- have been declared — complete finite verb phrase.
Final rule: पहले subject find करें, extra phrases हटाएँ, non-finite verb forms ignore करें, और फिर real subject से agree करने वाला finite verb चुनें।
Memory trick: Nearest noun से शादी मत करो; real subject ढूँढो।
Exam से पहले ये revise करें:
- The list of items is missing.
- The boys sitting near the window are my cousins.
- What he said was true.